Exercises / Back Squat

Back Squat

The back squat is a barbell compound movement that trains quads first, with glutes, hamstrings and core as secondary. Default rest between sets in the app: 180 s (3 min).

Also called: squat, barbell squat.

frontbackPrimaryQuadsSecondaryGlutesHamstringsCore
Fig. Back Squat: primary muscle quads, secondary glutes, hamstrings, core — as tagged in the Zyra Workouts exercise catalog. Regions are schematic (one block per catalog muscle group, not anatomy); which muscles a lift loads most also depends on technique and range of motion.
Primary muscle
Equipment
Barbell
Type
Compound
Default rest
180 s

Rep and RIR targets by goal

These are the sets the Zyra Workouts program generator writes for a compound exercise under each goal. RIR is reps in reserve — how many more reps you could have done when the set ended. A default the app starts from, not a prescription.

GoalReps per setRIRRep ceiling
Strength3526
Hypertrophy610210
General812212

How progression steps on Back Squat

The app moves the load on Back Squat in steps of 2.5 kg — two of the smallest plate in the default inventory (1.25 kg per side). The rule is the same for every exercise: the rep ceiling is the midpoint of the rep range plus the RIR target (for the hypertrophy row here, 6–10 reps @ RIR 2 → ceiling 10). Clear the ceiling and the next set is one step heavier at the bottom of the range; fall under the range floor and it backs off one step; anything between holds.

Worked example, in the app's words: Last time 140 kg × 11 · target 6–10 @RIR 2 (ceiling 10) → +2.5 kg → 142.5 kg × 6.

Alternatives

Tools for this exercise: Back Squat 1RM calculator · Back Squat load chart (% of 1RM)

Frequently asked

What muscles does the back squat work?

In the Zyra Workouts catalog the back squat is tagged with quads as its primary muscle and glutes, hamstrings and core as secondary. The app counts a primary set as one set for that muscle and a secondary set as half a set. Which muscles a lift loads most also depends on technique and range of motion.

How many reps and sets for the back squat?

The app's program generator sets 3–5 reps @ RIR 2 for strength, 6–10 reps @ RIR 2 for hypertrophy, 8–12 reps @ RIR 2 for general — the compound rule, 2–4 sets depending on goal and experience. These are the generator's defaults, not a prescription; a coach can adjust them to you.

What can I do instead of the back squat?

The app's swap ranking (same primary muscle, then feasible in your gym, same type, same equipment) offers Front Squat, Bulgarian Split Squat, Hack Squat and Leg Press. All train quads first.

Muscle groups

Primary
  • Quads — counts as a full set
Secondary

Related exercises

Other squat movements in the catalog:

Browse all 61 exercises →

Guides for Back Squat

Log it in Zyra Workouts

Zyra Workouts logs your sets on the back squat, applies this progression rule to suggest the next load, and counts the work toward your weekly sets per muscle — offline-first, on iOS. It is in development and not yet on the App Store.

Not yet on the App Store — about Zyra Workouts

Zyra is a training and nutrition tracking tool. Nothing on this page is medical advice, a diagnosis, or an individual prescription. The numbers are estimates from published formulas and the apps' own rules — consult a qualified professional for decisions about your health, and a coach for your training.